As we all know, our immune system is a defense mechanism that monitors the inside of the body and keeps track of multiple substances. When the immune system detects a foreign or unknown substance that is potentially detrimental harmful to the body, it activates and targets that substance. The immune system’s cells function according to a complicated mechanism. It guards against a variety of illnesses, including infection and cancer. However, immune cells in some cancer cases are unable to recognize cancer cells and so do not eliminate them. When a doctor utilizes CAR T-cell treatment, this is what happens. It’s a sort of immunotherapy that has several advantages over traditional treatment. It has fewer negative impacts and more effective treatment options.
CAR T-cell treatment stands for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. T-cell therapy is a sort of treatment in which a patient’s T cells (a type of immune cell) are genetically modified to bind to cancer cells and kill them. Blood runs through a tube from a vein in the patient’s arm to an apheresis machine (not shown), which filters out the white blood cells, including T cells, and returns the remainder of the blood to the patient. Then, in the lab, the gene for a particular receptor known as a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is injected into T cells. Thousands of CAR T cells are generated in the lab before being infused into the patient. The CAR T cells can connect to and kill cancer cells by binding to an antigen on their surface. CAR-t surgery in Spain is the most popular destination in the world.
A treatment called leukapheresis is used to remove white blood cells (which contain T cells) from the patient’s blood. Patients commonly lie in bed or recline in a reclining chair during this operation. Because blood is taken through one line, the white blood cells are separated, and the blood is subsequently reintroduced into the body through the other line, two IV lines are required.
During the process, the patient must remain seated or lying down for 2 to 3 hours. During leukapheresis, calcium levels in the blood might decline, causing numbness, tingling, and muscle aches. This is easily addressed by replacing the calcium, which can be done either orally or intravenously.
Generating the CAR T cells:-
T cells are isolated, delivered to the lab, and changed by adding the gene for the specific chimeric antigen receptor after the white cells have been removed (CAR). As a result, they are known as CAR T cells. In the lab, these cells are then cultivated and multiplied. The high number of CAR T cells required for this therapy can take many weeks to generate.
Infusion of CAR T cells:-
CAR T cells will be transferred to the patient once enough has been created. The patient may be given chemotherapy a few days before the CAR T-cell infusion to assist reduce the amount of other immune cells. This increases the chances of CAR T cells become activated and fight cancer. Because CAR T cells perform best when there are cancer cells to assault, this chemotherapy is usually not particularly strong. When CAR T cells connect to cancer cells, their numbers rise, allowing them to help destroy even more cancer cells.
Car T surgery in Spain:-
While Spain is one of the finest places for CAR-T because of the high quality of hospitals and specialists, there are only a few other countries that give similar healthcare for the treatment. Many hospitals include the cost of the patient’s pre-surgical investigations in their treatment packages. Hospitalization, surgery, nursing, medication, and anesthesia are frequently included in the treatment cost. A longer stay in the hospital due to a delayed recovery, a new diagnosis, or complications following surgery might raise the cost of CAR-T in Spain.
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